What are the main theories of justice?

We will approach these questions primarily by examining answers to them provided by three theories of justice: utilitarianism, libertarianism, and egalitarian liberalism.

What are the 4 theories of justice?

Four theories of justice are discussed: Rawlsian egalitarianism, or justice as fairness; Dworkinian egalitarianism, or equality of resources; Steiner-Vallentyne libertarianism, or common ownership; and Nozickian libertarianism, or entitlements.

What is justice and what are some different theories of justice?

We then examine three overarching theories that might serve to unify the different forms of justice: utilitarianism, contractarianism, and egalitarianism.

What are the 3 principles of justice?

The three principles that our justice system seeks to reflect are: equality, fairness and access.

What are the 2 principles of justice?

The principles of justice

• The greatest equal liberty principle.
• The difference principle.
• The equal opportunity principle.

What are Rawls 2 principles of justice?

Finally, Rawls ranked his principles of social justice in the order of their priority. The First Principle (“basic liberties”) holds priority over the Second Principle. The first part of the Second Principle (“fair equality of opportunity”) holds priority over the second part (Difference Principle).

What is Rawls theory?

John Rawls (b. 1921, d. 2002) was an American political philosopher in the liberal tradition. His theory of justice as fairness describes a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights and cooperating within an egalitarian economic system.

What is Contractarianism theory?

The moral theory of contractarianism claims that moral norms derive their normative force from the idea of contract or mutual agreement. Thus, individuals are not taken to be motivated by self-interest but rather by a commitment to publicly justify the standards of morality to which each will be held.

What are the two principles of justice Rawls?

What is Nozick theory of justice?

According to Nozick, anyone who acquired what he has through these means is morally entitled to it. Thus the “entitlement” theory of justice states that the distribution of holdings in a society is just if (and only if) everyone in that society is entitled to what he has.

What are the 5 principles of justice?

There are five main principles of social justice that are paramount to understanding the concept better. Namely, these are access to resources, equity, participation, diversity, and human rights.

Does justice mean fairness?

Justice means giving each person what he or she deserves or, in more traditional terms, giving each person his or her due. Justice and fairness are closely related terms that are often today used interchangeably. In any case, a notion of being treated as one deserves is crucial to both justice and fairness.

What are justice based theories?

Justice Theory. Rawls developed a theory of justice based on the Enlightenment ideas of thinkers like John Locke (1632-1704) and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778), who advocated social contract theory . Social contract theory held that the natural state of human beings was freedom, but that human beings will rationally submit to some restrictions on their freedom to secure their mutual safety and benefit, not subjugation to a monarch, no matter how benign or well intentioned.

What is John Rawls theory of Justice?

John Rawls. A Theory of Justice (1971) Rawls’s theory of justice revolves around the adaptation of two fundamental principles of justice which would, in turn, guarantee a just and morally acceptable society.

What is the definition of justice theory?

Theory of Justice. The theory of justice is a political ideology developed by John Rawls (1921-2002) in order to explain the functionality of a distributive society. It brings forth an important aspect of the society trying to set forth principles for an equal and just distribution of goods.

What is an example of the principle of Justice?

A type of law or constitutional right that states that justice be served in a timely manner or not at all. For example, in most countries you can’t suddenly receive 100 speeding tickets based on new analysis of 30 year old videos of traffic.