How does a fuel system work in a gas turbine engine?

The basic operation of the gas turbine is a Brayton cycle with air as the working fluid: atmospheric air flows through the compressor that brings it to higher pressure; energy is then added by spraying fuel into the air and igniting it so that the combustion generates a high-temperature flow; this high-temperature …

What are the components in a turbine engine fuel system?

The fuel metering system of the typical gas turbine engine consists of an engine-driven pump, fuel flow transmitter, fuel control with an electronic engine control, a distribution system or manifold, flow divider, and fuel discharge nozzles.

What are the types of fuel systems in the gas turbine engine?

Gas turbine engine fuel controls can be divided into three basic groups: Hydromechanical. Hydromechanical/electronic.

What is turbine fuel system?

A fuel control system is described for a gas turbine engine with a gas generator turbine and a separate work turbine. A positive-displacement pump is driven by the engine, and a spill valve responsive to a servo pressure signal delivers fuel from the downstream side of the pump.

Where does bleed air come from?

Bleed air is extracted from the compressor of the engine or APU. The specific stage of the compressor from which the air is bled varies by engine type.

What causes vapor locking?

What is Vapor Lock? Vapor lock happens when the temperature of fuel gets high enough to transform liquid into a vapor state. Fuel pumps are designed to pump liquid, not air, and the increased pressure inside the fuel lines keeps the fuel pump from being able to keep the fuel moving.

What do turbine engine fuel spray nozzles do?

89. The final components of the fuel system are the fuel spray nozzles, which have as their essential function the task of atomizing or vaporizing the fuel to ensure its rapid burning.

What are the three most common types of fuel filters used in turbine engine fuel systems and which type has the greatest filtering action?

The three most common types of filters in use are the micron filter, the wafer screen filter, and the plain screen mesh filter. The individual use of each of these filters is dictated by the filtering treatment required at a particular location.

What controls a jet engine?

The pilot controls aircraft speed by setting the throttle position to a thrust which will permit operation at the desired speed. One would like to run the engine directly to the required thrust by modulating engine fuel flow until the required thrust has been achieved.

What is bleed valve in turbine?

“Bleed valve” is another one of those poor American English terms for a valve which is meant to siphon off a portion of the flow from another system. A GE-design heavy-duty gas turbine employs compressor bleed valves to protect the axial compressor during start-up and shutdown against stalling and surging conditions.

What is P3 air?

The valve uses compressor discharge air pressure (P3), ported to one side of a piston, to close the valve. On the other side of the piston is the pressure that exists about two-thirds of the way through the compressor (P 2.5).

How do I know if engine has vapor lock?

Symptoms of vapor lock in cars include engine stalling and difficulty starting, engine running rough, potential misfiring, and engine acceleration and hesitation. Your vehicle’s fuel system needs to operate under a certain pressure.

What is the fuel system for a gas turbine engine?

FUEL SYSTEM FOR A GAS TURBINE ENGINE – PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA CORP. A fuel system for a gas turbine engine having a combustor that is fed fuel from a fuel tank includes a main fuel line providing fuel flow from the fuel tank to the combustor, at least one pump pumping fuel from the fuel tank to the combustor via a fuel metering unit.

How does a gas turbine power plant start?

For starting the system, the compressor has to deliver pre-compressed air at starting. The shaft has to rotate to produce required compressed air for starting purpose. Hence, an alternative arrangement is required to run the compressor before the system is being started.

Where does the oil go in a gas turbine?

After passing through the regenerator, the hot compressed air enters into the combustion chamber. In the combustion chamber, there are burners through which fuel oil is injected in the form of oil spray. Due to combustion of this hot oil spray inside the combustion chamber, the air attends a very high temperature.

Where does the fuel go in a Pratt and Whitney gas turbine?

Hot oil circulates through the second heat exchanger 32, i.e. the FOHE, and further heats the fuel as a result. The engine oil in the FOHE 32 provides sufficient heat at mild ambient temperatures to heat the main fuel line 23 to positive temperatures before the fuel is delivered to the combustor 16.