What did Viollet-le-Duc do to Notre-Dame?

For his restorations of churches and cathedrals, Viollet-le-Duc designed not only architecture, but new altars and furnishings. His new furnishings were installed in the sacristy of Notre-Dame, and his neo-Gothic altar was placed in the restored Cathedral of Clermont-Ferrand.

What are the statues on Notre-Dame?

Sculptures in Notre-Dame de Paris

Did the gargoyles of Notre-Dame survive?

Viollet-le-Duc was a Gothic Revival architect who was famous for his own creative restorations, introducing the gargoyles, which served as rain spouts from the roof and appeared to have survived the fire. Viollet-le-Duc restored the facade of Notre-Dame, inside and out, including replacing 60 statues.

Was the rose window in Notre-Dame saved?

Notre Dame Cathedral’s three stained-glass windows survived a fire Monday that burned through the Paris landmark. The archbishop of Paris told CNN’s affiliate BFM TV on Tuesday that all three of the iconic 13th-century windows, called the rose windows, are intact.

Which architect gave his own son a copy of Viollet-le-Duc discourses?

The elder Wright gave John a copy of Discourses on Architecture by the French architect E.E. Viollet-le-Duc and arranged for a private course of engineering to fill the gaps in his architectural education.

Why is Viollet-le-Duc important?

Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc (1814-79) was an important French Gothic Revival architect, responsible for some major restoration projects in France. He was also an architectural historian and theorist, who had a tremendous influence on the movement throughout Europe.

What is the most famous gargoyle?

Notre Dame Cathedral
Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris Perhaps the most well-known gargoyles in the world hover on Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. Technically known as grotesques (true gargoyles have waterspouts as mouths), these monstrous creatures glare ominously down on the City of Light.

Why is there gargoyles on Notre Dame?

The gargoyles’ main purpose is very practical. As rain water runs down the roofs of Notre-Dame de Paris, it needs to drain off without dripping down the walls and potentially damaging them. By evacuating rain water, the gargoyles protect the cathedral and protect the stone from damage caused by excessive runoff.

Where is Jesus crown of thorns kept?

The French king Louis IX (St. Louis) took the relic to Paris about 1238 and had the Sainte-Chapelle built (1242–48) to house it. The thornless remains are kept in the treasury of Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris; they survived a devastating fire in April 2019 that destroyed the church’s roof and spire.

What was lost in the fire of Notre Dame?

Among the most treasured artifacts that were saved include the Holy Crown of Thorns, a wreath of thorns believed to have been placed on Jesus Christ’s head during his crucifixion, and the tunic of St. Louis, believed to have belonged to Louis IX, who was king of France from 1226-1270.

Where can you find Gothic architecture?

Common examples are found in Christian ecclesiastical architecture, and Gothic cathedrals and churches, as well as abbeys, and parish churches. It is also the architecture of many castles, palaces, town halls, guildhalls, universities and, less prominently today, private dwellings.

How old was the spire of Notre Dame?

1220 to 1230
The original spire was built from 1220 to 1230. It was supported by an “ingenious” and “well designed” system of frames, according to an examination of its remains after it was taken down. All of the spire’s weight rested on the four pillars of the transept. This spire also functioned as a bell tower.

When did Viollet le Duc build Notre Dame?

Nothing he built at Notre-Dame was as controversial, or as beloved, as the 180-foot spire that fell last Monday. The cathedral had no spire when he began work in 1844 (the previous one had been removed in 1786). It also had no lead gutters and leaders, no gargoyle scuppers, and no metal transept statues.

What did Viollet le Duc do for a living?

Viollet-le-Duc (1814–1879) invented modern restoration—both theory and practice. His first laboratory was Notre-Dame de Paris, and he spent virtually his entire professional life studying the cathedral and restoring it. Indeed, everything he added, subtracted, or restored is documented in extensive records and writings.

Where did Eugene Viollet le Duc go to school?

There, in 1822 or 1823, Eugène met Prosper Mérimée, a writer who would play a decisive role in his career. In 1825 he began his education at the Pension Moran, in Fontenay-aux-Roses. He returned to Paris in 1829 as a student at the College de Bourbon (now the Lycée Condorcet ). He passed his baccalaureate examination in 1830.

Who was second inspector for Notre Dame de Paris?

Impressed by his keen intelligence and historical imagination, Mérimée appointed Viollet-le-Duc as the second inspector for the restoration of Sainte Chapelle. A few weeks after his 30th birthday, he and a colleague, Jean-Baptiste Lassus, won the coveted commission to restore the Gothic cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris.